U.S. Births Declined During the Pandemic

ANNE MORSE

COVID-19 pandemic has affected both the beginning and end of the life cycle for the U.S. population: Births declined and mortality went up.

Provisional monthly data show a downturn in births in winter 2020-2021 but there were signs of a possible rebound by March.

While the data indicate the pandemic caused the decline, we considered other factors, too.

Among them:

  • Births in the United States have a seasonal pattern.
  • The number of U.S. births has declined every year since 2008 (except for 2014).
  • There are similar patterns in other countries.

 

COVID-19 was declared a national emergency March 13, 2020. The largest percentage of babies conceived after that would be born during or after the first week of December 2020. Evidence that the pandemic affected fertility can be seen starting in December 2020.

The Seasonal Effect

U.S. births have regular annual cycles: They normally increase in the spring, peak in the summer, decline in the fall and are lowest in the winter.

This means that, even in the absence of a pandemic, we would expect births to be lower in December and January than in the summer.

Even accounting for seasonality and the usual decline in annual births, the number of births in December 2020 and January 2021 was unusually low and that is very likely the result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

However, comparing one month during the pandemic to the same month before the pandemic shows a substantial drop that can’t be explained by seasonality.

There were 285,138 births in December 2020 — 23,664 (7.66%) fewer than in December 2019. On average, there were 763 fewer births each day in December 2020 than in December 2019.

U.S. Births Declining Since 2008

Not all of the decrease in births should necessarily be attributed to the pandemic. The number of U.S. births has been declining every year since 2008 (except 2014).

Between 2000 and 2019, the number of daily births declined an average 0.39% a year. The pace of decline accelerated between 2010 and 2019, when the number of daily births dropped on average 0.96% a year.

But the decline was much steeper in in 2020: The average number of daily births was 4.06% lower than in 2019.

Figure 2 shows births by year and month in the U.S. Even in the pre-pandemic months of 2020, there were fewer births each month than in 2019.

There was a noticeable decline in births especially in the summer. The summer decline suggests 2020 may have already been on track to experience a sharper decline in births than in previous years, even without the pandemic.

It is also possible that the pandemic led to a higher rate of conceptions not being carried to term.

Dip and Possible Rebound

Even accounting for seasonality and the usual decline in annual births, the number of births in December 2020 and January 2021 was unusually low and that is very likely the result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

As noted earlier, monthly data show a substantial decline in births (7.66%) in December of 2020 compared to December 2019. January births experienced an even greater year-to-year decline: down 9.41% from 2020 to 2021.

Births also declined in February 2021 compared to last year.

By March 2021, the decline slowed. Births declined only 0.15% between March 2020 and March 2021. This is substantially smaller than the 0.91% drop from March 2019 to March 2020.

This trend suggests that some people who postponed having babies last year had them this year.

The winter decrease in births may have been prompted by couples who consciously chose to delay having children amid the uncertainty of the pandemic. It may also have been influenced by stress or limited physical interaction with a sexual partner.

Other Countries

The United States is not alone in experiencing lower births followed by a slight rebound in the past year.

The Human Fertility Database shows monthly fertility data through December 2020 for 35 countries and through March 2021 for 30 countries. Although the database covers a limited number of countries, the pattern is clear.

Twenty-one of the 30 countries with monthly data through March 2021 had fewer births in December 2020 than in 2019 but more births in March 2021 than in March 2020.

Spain, for example, saw births decline in December 2020 but go back up in February and March. Spain also had more births in March 2021 than in March 2020. And Germany had more births in March 2021 than in any other March in the past 20 years.

It’s important to note that countries have different fertility and seasonality patterns. What’s more, countries experienced the brunt of the pandemic at different times and to different degrees.

Births and the Pandemic

It is still too soon to make broad conclusions about the pandemic’s effect on U.S. birth trends. But the data so far indicate there was a temporary drop in births amid the pandemic after accounting for other factors that existed before the pandemic — declining births and seasonality.

As time passes and more data become available, we will gain a better understanding of how the pandemic impacted fertility and will shape the size and composition of the nation’s population in the future.

Westminster College to host CIC Visiting Fellow Christine Todd Whitman

NEW WILMINGTON, Pa. – Westminster College will host Council of Independent Colleges (CIC) Visiting Fellow and former New Jersey Gov. Christine Todd Whitman during a series of online events from Monday, Oct. 4 through Wednesday, Oct. 6.

 

Whitman, who is also the former administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), will speak virtually with different Westminster College classes, discussing issues ranging from her career in politics to environmental policy.

 

On Monday, Oct. 4, Whitman will share her perspectives on the theme of “Getting and Surviving a Career in Politics” with political science students, followed by conversations on the theme of “The EPA and Perspectives on Climate Change, Then and Now” with environmental science students. That evening, she will discuss “Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance” with students, alumni and faculty who are involved with Westminster’s Analyst Program.

 

On Tuesday, Oct. 5, Whitman will speak with students in the Governmental Accounting course, sharing perspectives on topics such as the government’s responsibility on how taxpayer dollars are spent, as well as the financial and societal benefits of facilitating environmentally sustainable practices within government operations.

 

On Tuesday she will also share her experiences around the theme of “Conflict Management, to Service/Community Engagement and Leadership” with communication students, followed by a conversation on the theme of “The Current Health of America’s Democracy” with political science students.

 

Whitman will offer a campus-wide virtual event, “Environmental Policy and Politics,” at 7 p.m. Tuesday, Oct. 4. This conversation is sponsored by the Department of Political Science, the First-Year Program and the Center for the Environment.

 

On Wednesday, Whitman will discuss “Why Sustainability Matters” with first-year students enrolled in the Introduction to a Liberal Arts Education course, followed by reflections on “Lessons Learned from Governmental Public Communications” with students in the College’s strategic communications program. Whitman will round out her virtual sessions with a conversation on “The Social, Political and Economic Facets of Environmental Issues” with environmental science students.

 

Whitman served as New Jersey’s 50th and first female governor from 1994 to 2001. She served the EPA under President George W. Bush from 2001 to 2003. She now is president of the Whitman Strategy Group, a consulting firm that specializes in energy and environmental issues.

 

She is the author of a New York Times best seller, “It’s My Party Too,” which was published in January 2005. Whitman holds a bachelor’s degree in government from Wheaton College in Norton, Mass.

 

The CIC Visiting Fellows program brings prominent artists, diplomats, journalists, business leaders and other professionals to college campuses across the United States. For more than 45 years, Visiting Fellows have been introducing students and faculty members at liberal arts colleges to a wide range of perspectives on life, society, community and achievement.

 

For more information about any of the events, please contact the Westminster College Office of Academic Affairs at 724-946-7122 or acadaff@westminster.edu.

BEASTLY HAUNTED TRAIL BENEFITS BEAVER COUNTY HUMANE SOCIETY SHELTER ANIMALS

BEASTLY HAUNTED TRAIL BENEFITS

BEAVER COUNTY HUMANE SOCIETY SHELTER ANIMALS

Aliquippa, PA September 16, 2021 – Each Friday and Saturday evening in October, starting on Friday, October 1, 2021,
hundreds of residents will creep out of their dwellings under the cover of darkness and head, like zombies, to the Beaver
County Humane Society to experience its Beastly Haunted Trail, located on shelter grounds at 3394 Brodhead Road in
Center Township (Beaver County), PA.
After one year off in 2020 due to COVID-19, haunt enthusiasts will once again have an extraordinary opportunity to
participate in a unique, outdoor haunted trail (that is not for the faint of heart) as the best of the best in scare tactics
and haunt horror perform each Friday and Saturday evening in October from 7 PM to 10 PM. A group of dedicated
volunteers have been working tirelessly to equip the Beastly Haunted Trail with high caliber sets and costumes. The
Trail is a dark, outdoor Halloween attraction filled with terrifying live actors, amazing special effects, and incredible
monsters.
“Haunt enthusiasts love to experience haunts with other people who share their passion,” said Susan Salyards, executive
director of the BCHS. “Many people have already mentioned how excited they are to have the haunted trail back for
2021, and we know from past years that people from all over the region see our haunted trail as a destination
attraction.”
This intense, cutting-edge haunted trail is widely considered to be one of the best haunted experiences in the area, full
of chilling detail and unbelievable scares. Come see what new horrors lurk in the twisting paths of the Beaver County’s
ultimate haunted trail!
All entrance fees ($15 for adults and $12 for children 10 and under) will be donated to provide support to the Beaver
County Humane Society’s current animal residents. The Beastly Haunted Trail is not for young children; those 10 and
under must be accompanied by a parent. Please leave your own pets at home.
Skip the ticket line and purchase tickets online. Tickets for the Beastly Haunted Trail can be unearthed at:
https://beavercountyhumanesociety.salsalabs.org/2021hauntedtrail.

Redistricting Panel Pares Plan on Where to Count Inmates

Redistricting panel pares plan on where to count inmates
HARRISBURG, Pa. (AP) — Pennsylvania’s five-member panel redrawing the boundaries of state legislative districts is paring back a new policy to count state prison inmates in their home districts. It’ll now be limited to those whose sentences expire in under 10 years. Tuesday’s swing vote was from the Pennsylvania Legislative Reapportionment Commission chairman, ex-Pitt chancellor Mark Nordenberg. Republicans and Democrats on the panel kept their positions from a vote on a more expansive policy at an earlier meeting, but Nordenberg switched sides. That Aug. 24 vote was to count state inmates in their home districts, except for those serving life sentences and those living in other states when they became incarcerated.

Gabby Petito Story Boosted by Social Media, True-Crime Craze

By ADRIANA GOMEZ LICON and LINDSAY WHITEHURST Associated Press
MIAMI (AP) — The disappearance and almost-certain death of Gabby Petito and the police hunt for her boyfriend have generated a whirlwind online. A multitude of armchair detectives and others have been sharing tips, possible sightings and theories by way of TikTok, Instagram, YouTube and other sites. Whether the frenzy of attention and online sleuthing has helped the investigation is not clear. But it has illuminated the intersection between social media and the public fascination with true-crime stories.

Justices to hear argument in victims’ rights amendment case

Justices to hear argument in victims’ rights amendment case
By MARK SCOLFORO Associated Press
HARRISBURG, Pa. (AP) — The fate of a constitutional amendment for victims’ rights that Pennsylvania voters apparently approved overwhelmingly nearly two years ago is about to go before the state’s highest court. The state Supreme Court justices will hear oral argument in Harrisburg Tuesday regarding whether the so-called Marsy’s Law amendment should have been split into more than just one ballot question. The court is considering whether to uphold a divided decision in January by Commonwealth Court. The lower court ruled the referendum ran afoul of a Pennsylvania Constitution provision that requires amendments to address a single subject only. The amendment has not gone into effect.

PUC Encourages Consumers to Stay Connected with Lifeline and Emergency Broadband Initiative

Programs Available to Help Income-Eligible Consumers

HARRISBURG – In coordination with a national effort to reach those in need of telecommunications assistance, the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission (PUC) recognizes Sept. 20-24 as Lifeline Awareness Week, to help income-eligible Pennsylvanians stay connected through the Lifeline Program.

 

“The COVID-19 pandemic has shown us the importance of staying connected in this day and age, and there are programs available to help,” said PUC Chairman Gladys Brown Dutrieuille. “Lifeline and the Emergency Broadband Initiative help ensure income-eligible consumers continue to have access to affordable communications services needed for telemedicine, telework and online learning during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.”

 

Lifeline Program Benefits

$5.25 Per Household, Per Month Discount to Phase Out by Dec. 1, 2021

Lifeline is a federal program that provides a $5.25 per household, per month discount on your qualifying landline or wireless standalone voice service or a $9.25 per household, per month discount on your qualifying wireless or landline internet service or qualifying bundled telephone/internet service product from a landline or wireless provider. The discount appears in the form of a reduction to the bill you pay your service provider.

 

The $5.25 Lifeline support for standalone Lifeline voice service is scheduled to be eliminated in certain geographic areas beginning Dec. 1, 2021.

 

The benefit can be used for voice (telephone), Broadband Internet Access Service (or BIAS, usually called internet service), or a combined telephone/internet service product from a landline or wireless provider.

Previous Recertification and Reverification Waivers Extended

Consumers or households that apply for Lifeline must verify that they are eligible to receive Lifeline support.  After that, they must certify every year that they are eligible for continued support. Currently, in response to the public health emergency associated with the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic, the Lifeline program’s recertification and reverification requirements are waived through Sept. 30, 2021. This waiver extends the previous Lifeline waivers set to expire on June 30, 2021, through Sept. 30, 2021, and includes all previous Lifeline waivers governing recertification, reverification, general de-enrollment, subscriber usage, income documentation and documentation requirements for subscribers. More information on the federal government’s suspension of their Lifeline requirements is available at the USAC website.

 

A consumer qualifies for Lifeline if they are at or below 135% of the federal poverty guidelines or participate in specific federal programs, including: Medicaid, Supplemental Security Income (SSI), Veterans’ Pension and Survivor Benefit, Federal Public Housing Assistance (FPHA), and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). More information on program eligibility, how to apply and recertify is available on the Commission’s website.

 

Emergency Broadband Program Benefits

 

The Emergency Broadband Benefit (EBB) was started by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and uses $3.2 billion in federal funding Congress approved in December 2020 and gives qualifying households money to buy internet service or equipment to use the internet if they are eligible.

 

How Much is the Average EBB Support?

  • The program provides eligible households with discounts of up to $50 a month for broadband service.
  • Eligible households can also get a one-time discount of up to $100 on equipment to use the internet. Equipment includes a laptop, desktop computer or tablet if they contribute $10-$50 toward the price for the equipment.
  • The benefit is limited to one service discount per month and one device discount per household; multigeneration households may each qualify separately although consumers should check the FCC’s webpage at getemergencybroaband.org or the provider of this EBB program.
  • This EBB is in addition to, not in place of, the current Lifeline Program that provides $5.25 a month to support affordable broadband service.

Who is Eligible for the EBB?

 

The program is income based. For example, it is open to Lifeline subscribers and households that currently participate in Lifeline, including consumers whose income is at or below 135% of the federal poverty guidelines or who receive Medicaid, SNAP, SSI, Federal Housing or Veterans benefits. Consumers who receive free or reduced-price school lunch, or have received a federal Pell grant, are also eligible.

 

Eligibility for EBB also includes individual households with annual income up to $99,000 or dual households making up to $198,000 a year if they are impacted by COVID through a substantial loss of income since Feb. 29, 2020.

 

How Can Consumers Apply for the EBB?

 

Households should contact their broadband providers and ask if they participate in EBB or visit the FCC’s webpage at GetEmergencyBroadband.org for more information. Consumers also can visit the FCC website to see a list of participating Pennsylvania providers approved by the FCC if their broadband provider is not participating or if they would like another provider for EBB.

 

About the PUC

 

The Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission balances the needs of consumers and utilities; ensures safe and reliable utility service at reasonable rates; protects the public interest; educates consumers to make independent and informed utility choices; furthers economic development; and fosters new technologies and competitive markets in an environmentally sound manner.

 

Visit the PUC’s website at www.puc.pa.gov for recent news releases and video of select proceedings. You can also follow us on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, Instagram and YouTube. Search for the “Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission” or “PA PUC” on your favorite social media channel for updates on utility issues and other helpful consumer information.

 

Midland Man Drives Wrong Way in Construction Zone on Turnpike, Gets Vehicle Stuck, Charged with DUI

Pa State Police in Gibsonia are reporting that they were called to the scene of a one vehicle accident east bound in a construction zone on the Pa. Turnpike near mile marker one on Sunday morning at 12:15 AM.
The responding Trooper said via release that he received a call that there were multiple reports of a vehicle was traveling west in the east bound lanes on the turnpike at mile marker 20. The vehicle involved was a Gray Honda CRV. The release stated that 28-year-old Austin Stone from Midland drove his vehicle into the construction zone and drove the vehicle off a milled ledge and became stuck on the roadway. Upon arriving where the vehicle was stuck the responding Trooper stated that “when he arrived on the scene the driver and his passenger 53-year-old Steve Stone also of Midland were being assisted by Ohio Highway Patrol and Homewood Maintenance personnel.” The Trooper said that Austin Stone showed signs of being intoxicated and failed a field sobriety test that was issued and was taken into custody. There were no injuries reported and the younger Stone was released to his mother. Charges are pending.

New Brighton Borough Building and Offices Closed to The Public Due To COVID-19

(New Brighton, Pa.) New Brighton Borough announced yesterday via mass release through e-mail and social  media that “Effective immediately, the New Brighton Borough Municipal Building and all municipal facilities will be closed to the public for in-person contact as a precaution as the impacts of the COVID-19 virus continues to widen.

In addition to the Municipal Building, the public closure affects the police department, fire department, public works department, and the wastewater treatment plant. All departments will remain fully staffed and continue full operations with additional measures to safeguard against the coronavirus to ensure uninterrupted delivery of public services.

All customers and residents are encouraged to utilize remote methods of transacting business. New Brighton Borough can provide all customer services online at www.NewBrightonPA.org, by calling the Municipal Building at (724) 846-1870, or through the mail. Customers are requested to use these methods of conducting business for the foreseeable future. Additionally, payments and other correspondence can still be placed in the drop box by the front door of the Municipal Building.”

J&J: Booster Dose of its COVID Shot Prompts Strong Response

LONDON (AP) — Johnson & Johnson released data showing that a booster dose to its one-shot coronavirus vaccine provides a strong immune response months after people receive a first dose. The study’s results haven’t yet been peer-reviewed. J&J said in a statement Tuesday that it ran two early studies in people previously given its vaccine and found that a second dose produced an increased antibody response in adults from age 18 to 55.